赵鲁雪,罗学刚,唐永金,彭芳芳,王丽超

• 1:西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院
• 2:西南科技大学核废物与环境安全国防重点学科实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

在25 mg/kg、75 mg/kg、125 mg/kg、175 mg/kg铀(乙酸双氧铀)污染土壤的盆栽试验中,通过光合气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光参数研究了铀对向日葵(Helianthus annuus)、四季豆(Phaseolus vulgaris)、红圆叶苋(Iresine herbstii)、四季牛皮菜(Beta vulgaris L.)和大叶菠菜(Spinacia oleracea)5种植物光合生理的影响。结果表明:1)在不同质量比铀处理下,植物光合生理变化较大。四季豆的净光合速率(Pn)是对照(CK)的35.2%~87.0%,大叶菠菜是CK的147.4%~178.1%,红圆叶苋是CK的112.3%~133.5%,向日葵是CK的98.2%~115.6%,四季牛皮菜是CK的94.7%~108.4%;铀污染使植物的初始荧光(Fo)均降低,最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)增加0.3%~3.7%,但在铀质量比为125 mg/kg和175 mg/kg时,红圆叶苋的Fv/Fm略有下降,为对照的99.3%和98.0%,整体影响不明显。2)茎叶铀质量比以四季豆和大叶菠菜较高,根系铀质量比以四季豆和向日葵较高,整株铀质量比较高的依次是四季豆、大叶菠菜和向日葵。但试验植物地上器官铀质量比均小于根系铀质量比,植株铀质量比小于土壤铀污染量,说明这5种植物的铀转移能力较低。3)四季豆光合系统抗铀胁迫能力较弱,但根系铀质量比是土壤铀污染量的1.55~2.45倍,可以作为固持修复植物。

关键词(KeyWords)： 植物学;叶绿素荧光参数;光合气体交换参数;铀;吸收转移

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国防基础科研重点项目(B3120110001)

作者(Author): 赵鲁雪,罗学刚,唐永金,彭芳芳,王丽超

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