王会霞;石辉;张雅静;段骏;王彦辉;

• 1:中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所
• 2:西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

为分析叶面微结构对滞留颗粒物粒径的影响,以分布较广的常绿植物——大叶女贞为研究对象,用激光粒度分析仪(湿法)测定叶面尘的粒径分布,用扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜观察叶面微结构;并用图像处理软件(图像法)分析叶面颗粒物的粒径特征,探讨不同测定方法对叶面颗粒物粒径分布的可能影响。结果表明,大叶女贞叶面滞留颗粒物粒径呈双峰分布,湿法测定的颗粒物粒径范围为0.4⁵2.6μm,粒径峰值为18.9μm、36.2μm,粒径均值为8.8μm;图像法测定的颗粒物粒径范围为0.452.6μm,粒径峰值为18.9μm、36.2μm,粒径均值为8.8μm;图像法测定的颗粒物粒径范围为0.4²7.8μm,粒径峰值为17.5μm、27.8μm,粒径均值为7.2μm。叶表面分布有大量的突起和凹陷,凹陷直径介于0.627.8μm,粒径峰值为17.5μm、27.8μm,粒径均值为7.2μm。叶表面分布有大量的突起和凹陷,凹陷直径介于0.6³0μm,直径小于2.5μm和10μm的凹陷约占到总量的50%和80%。可吸入颗粒物(PM10)和细颗粒物(PM2.5)主要滞留在叶表的凹陷结构中,有少量粒径大于10μm的颗粒物滞留在突起之上。PM2.5和PM10的体积分数仅占滞尘总量的17.9%和50.4%(湿法)、16.8%和45.9%(图像法),但数量多于大粒径颗粒物,这与小粒径的颗粒在个数上占优势、但大粒径的颗粒则对叶面滞留颗粒物的质量(或体积)贡献较大有关。叶背面颗粒物附着密度较正面小,PM2.5等颗粒物多分布在气孔周围,有少量颗粒物沉积在气孔上,从而堵塞气孔。

关键词(KeyWords)： 环境学;生态学;叶面降尘;粒径;叶面微结构;原子力显微镜

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(20130430105)

作者(Authors): 王会霞;石辉;张雅静;段骏;王彦辉;

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