宋从波;李静;黄德寅;刘茂;

• 1:南开大学城市公共安全研究中心
• 2:天津渤海化工集团有限责任公司劳动卫生研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

以某化工企业的聚氯乙烯分厂为研究对象,引入美国环境保护署(EPA)推荐的健康风险评价四步法,即危害鉴定、剂量-反应评价、暴露评价和风险表征,对不同作业任务(清釜、看釜、巡检和配料)工人的氯乙烯职业暴露进行健康风险评价。结果表明,从非致癌效应来看,看釜、巡检和配料岗位工人暴露于VC引起肝细胞多态性的HI值均高于安全阈值1,其中看釜工的危害指数最大,引起的不利健康效应最严重。从致癌效应来看,清釜工暴露于VC引起肝血管肉瘤的风险处于可接受水平;而看釜工患肝血管肉瘤的风险值R,达到可接受上限10-4对应的工作年限ED=1.91 a,因此,需要尽可能地采用安全防护措施减少该岗位的职业暴露。巡检和配料岗位的肝血管肉瘤风险达到可接受水平上限10-4时,对应的工作年限分别为4.36 a和9.33 a。由于健康风险评价更侧重长期暴露危害物质对人体健康的影响,即使工作场所满足国标规定的浓度阈值,仍然存在工人长期暴露于低浓度致癌物的风险。

关键词(KeyWords)： 职业卫生工程;氯乙烯;健康风险评价;危害指数;致癌风险

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAJ24B04);; 天津市科技支撑计划项目(13ZCZDSY02300)

作者(Authors): 宋从波;李静;黄德寅;刘茂;

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