全球气体运输船事故的时空热点研究Research on spatial-temporal hotspots of gas tanker accidents based on Geographic Information System
汪金辉;周雨;张睿卿;庄磊;王雨;
摘要(Abstract):
为了识别气体运输船事故时空热点的分布特征,根据IHS Sea-web数据库中1990—2015年的全球气体运输船事故信息,统计了全球31个地理区域的气体运输船舶事故占比,在此基础上,采用核密度估计法分时段研究了事故的空间集中程度,得到了不同时段的热点分布特征。最后,通过新兴热点分析技术对事故热点的时空趋势进行了识别和分类,并与核密度估计的结果进行了对比。结果表明,不列颠群岛、北海、英吉利海峡和比斯开湾是事故的连续热点区域,爱琴海、马尔马拉海、伊斯坦布尔海峡和黑海西部水域是新热点区域,这些区域是近期气体运输船舶需要关注的重点事故区域。与传统热点分析法相比,新兴热点分析技术具有动态分析的优势,能同时在时间和空间维度上展现事故热点的演化过程,进行更精细化的船舶事故热点分析,适用于海事事故的热点研究。
关键词(KeyWords): 安全社会工程;GIS;气体运输船;船舶安全;核密度估计;新兴热点分析
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Authors): 汪金辉;周雨;张睿卿;庄磊;王雨;
DOI: 10.13637/j.issn.1009-6094.2020.1794
参考文献(References):
- [1] ANEZIRIS O,KOROMILA I,NIVOLIANITOU Z.A systematic literature review on LNG safety at ports[J].Safety Science,2020,124:104595.
- [2] ANIMAH I,SHAFIEE M.Application of risk analysis in the liquefied natural gas (LNG) sector:an overview[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2020,63:103980.
- [3] 李晓冬.LNG船事故状态结构综合安全评估方法研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2019.LI X D.Study on formal safety assessment of LNG carrier structures after accidents[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University,2019.
- [4] Electronic Quality Shipping Information System.The world merchant fleet in 2018[DB/OL].[2019-11-21].http://www.equasis.org.
- [5] 王海东,陈凯,安广海,等.LNG船舶港口泄漏事故情景构建及危害程度分析[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2019,15(5):173-178.WANG H D,CHEN K,AN G H,et al.Analysis on hazard degree of leakage accident of LNG ship in port based on scenario construction[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2019,15(5):173-178.
- [6] BUBBICO R,DI CAVE S,MAZZAROTTA B.Preliminary risk analysis for LNG tankers approaching a maritime terminal[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2009,22(5):634-638.
- [7] 黄道正.水上交通事故的空间分布与后果评级研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2015.HUANG D Z.Study on spatial distribution and consequence classification of maritime traffic accidents[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University,2015.
- [8] 张笛.天津港水域通航环境风险评价和风险预测研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2008.ZHANG D.The environmental risk assessment and forecast study on Tianjin Port navigable waters[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2008.
- [9] LIU X,MENG R L,XING Q G,et al.Assessing oil spill risk in the Chinese Bohai Sea:a case study for both ship and platform related oil spills[J].Ocean & Coastal Management,2015,108:140-146.
- [10] 邱雅,王新超.基于GIS平台的船舶监控系统方案研究[J].舰船科学技术,2016,38(8):79-81.QIU Y,WANG X C.Study of ship monitoring system based on GIS platform solution[J].Ship Science and Technology,2016,38(8):79-81.
- [11] 王业保.渤海海域船舶溢油风险及船舶避难地选取策略研究[D].烟台:中国科学院大学(中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所),2018.WANG Y B.Study of ship-related oil spill risk and determination of places of refuge for ships in emergencies in the Chinese Bohai Sea[D].Yantai:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone,Chinese Academy of Sciences),2018.
- [12] UGURLU O,YILDIRIM U,YUKSEKYILDIZ E.Marine accident analysis with GIS[J].Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering,2013,3:21-29.
- [13] HUANG D Z,HU H,LI Y Z.Spatial analysis of maritime accidents using the geographic information system[J].Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2013,2326(1):39-44.
- [14] ACHARYA T D,YOO K W,LEE D H.GIS-based spatio-temporal analysis of marine accidents database in the coastal zone of Korea[J].Journal of Coastal Research,2017,79:114-118.
- [15] 李杰,曾叙砜,王雪琰,等.重点船型受海盗袭击的时空特征挖掘[J].安全与环境学报,2020,20(3):1034-1041.LI J,ZENG X F,WANG X Y,et al.Spatio-temporal analysis of the global piracy attack over the main types of ships[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2020,20(3):1034-1041.
- [16] YANG S,LU S J,WU Y J.Gis-based economic cost estimation of traffic accidents in St.Louis,Missouri[J].Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,2013,96:2907-2915.
- [17] GUDES O,VARHOL R,SUN Q C,et al.Investigating articulated heavy-vehicle crashes in western Australia using a spatial approach[J].Accident Analysis & Prevention,2017,106:243-253.
- [18] CHENG Z Y,ZU Z S,LU J.Traffic crash evolution characteristic analysis and spatiotemporal hotspot identification of urban road intersections[J].Sustainability,2019,11(1):160.
- [19] KIM E J,KIM M Y,KIM H.Spatio-temporal trend of aging regions and their neighborhood environment:Findings from daegu metropolitan City,Korea[J].Sustainability,2020,12(3):1218.
- [20] 张英慧,王伟,高星,等.2000—2014年中国重特大煤矿事故时空分布分形特征[J].地球信息科学学报,2016,18(9):1191-1198.ZHANG Y H,WANG W,GAO X,et al.The fractal characteristics of the temporal-spatial distribution of coal mine accidents in China from 2000 to 2014[J].Journal of Geo-information Science,2016,18(9):1191-1198.
- [21] 王颖,施欣.全球海事事故的时空与类别特征研究[J].安全与环境学报,2018,18(3):1224-1230.WANG Y,SHI X.On the temporal-spatial distribution and the type characteristics of the global maritime accidents[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2018,18(3):1224-1230.
- [22] 付姗姗,刘燕平,席永涛,等.北极水域船舶事故特征及关联规则分析[J].极地研究,2020,32(1):102-111.FU S S,LIU Y P,XI Y T,et al.Feature analysis and association rule mining of ship accidents in arctic waters[J].Chinese Journal of Polar Research,2020,32(1):102-111.
- [23] 韩永华,季学伟,陈涛,等.北京市生产安全事故时空特征分析[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2018,14(10):181-186.HAN Y H,JI X W,CHEN T,et al.Analysis on temporal and spatial characteristics of work safety accidents in Beijing[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2018,14(10):181-186.
- [24] 章坤,谢朝武.我国涉水旅游安全事故的时空分布及成因研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2020,16(8):167-172.ZHANG K,XIE C W.Research on temporal and spatial distribution and causes of water-related tourism safety accidents in China[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2020,16(8):167-172.
- [25] PIKE K,BUTT N,JOHNSON D,et al.15 years of shipping accidents:a review for WWF[R].Southampton,UK:Southampton Solent University,2012.