王超,张微敏,王沛芳,雷阳,郑莎莎

• 1:河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室
• 2:环境学院

摘要(Abstract)：

太湖底泥在风浪条件下的再悬浮及其与上覆水体之间污染物的释放扩散特性研究越来越受到国内外学者的重视,但水生植物的影响机制还有待深入研究。在鼓风式环形水槽种植天然沉水植物苦草,利用三维声学多普勒流速仪ADV研究水流特性,用悬浮颗粒物SPM质量浓度表征底泥再悬浮量,分析不同风速条件下沉水植物水流结构的变化及对底泥再悬浮的抑制作用。结果表明,在大风(8.78m/s)、中风(5.95 m/s)、小风(3.21 m/s)扰动作用下,对照组水槽中水流结构均服从指数分布,且距离水体表层10 cm以内区域流速受风速的影响最明显,垂向变化梯度最大,随水深增加,变化梯度逐渐减小。试验组有沉水植物的水槽水流流速均小于对照组流速,水流结构明显改变,植物有效高度内流速变化缓慢,大、中、小风情况下分别稳定在0.7 cm/s、1.5 cm/s、2.1 cm/s左右;植物层以上区域流速变化梯度则较大,特别是在中风情况下,从1.7 cm/s增加到9.35 cm/s,增加了4.5倍。同时,沉水植物对底泥再悬浮有显著抑制作用,上覆水悬浮物质量浓度降低了90%以上,并最终保持在6.3~13.3 mg/L的低质量浓度状态。

关键词(KeyWords)： 环境工程学;风浪条件;环形水槽;水生植物;水流结构;底泥再悬浮

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重大基础“973”研究项目(2010CB429006);; “十二五”水专项(2012ZX07101-008)

作者(Author): 王超,张微敏,王沛芳,雷阳,郑莎莎

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