傅智敏;

• 1:中国人民武装警察部队学院消防工程系

摘要(Abstract)：

对我国近十年的火灾统计数据进行了分析,并对比了我国近63年来的历史火灾数据和美国的火灾统计数据。2003—2012年,我国的火灾起数、受伤人数和直接财产损失及每百万人口的火灾死亡人数十年均值都要比美国低1个数量级。从1950—2012年的历史火灾数据看,我国的火灾起数和火灾伤亡人数数据存在较大幅度的波动。20世纪50年代至70年代是我国火灾死亡人数和受伤人数的高峰期,其后持续下降;2007年以后,我国每年火灾受伤人数仅为火灾死亡人数的一半左右;2010—2012年的年均火灾受伤人数为1950年以来的历史最低点。2007—2012年较大等级以上火灾的统计数据表明,虽然较大火灾起数只占全部火灾起数的0.05%,但其火灾死亡人数百分比高达20.05%;电气原因是引发较大等级以上火灾并造成人员伤亡和直接财产损失最主要的原因;酒吧、歌舞、餐饮和其他经营场所是重特大火灾高发并造成大量火灾人员伤亡的重点场所,商场和市场火灾容易造成较高的火灾直接财产损失。每年的11月至来年2月及每天晚上22:00至次日凌晨2:00是重特大火灾的多发时段。

关键词(KeyWords)： 安全管理工程;火灾统计数据;消防问题;火灾4项指标;火灾等级

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): “《工业企业防火》国家级精品资源共享课”项目

作者(Authors): 傅智敏;

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