徐冬平,王丹,曾超,贺佳,吴鹏超,李黎,代威,陈浩

• 1:西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院
• 2:西南科技大学核废物与环境安全国防重点实验室
• 3:四川省原子能研究院

摘要(Abstract)：

采用模拟钴污染土壤的方法,研究了不同质量比的钴污染土壤(0、10 mg/kg、25 mg/kg、40 mg/kg)对不同时期(初期、营养生长期、成熟期)蚕豆植株生长及各部位钴的积累与分布特征的影响。结果表明,1)在不同质量比的钴处理下,植株总生物量在成熟期均达到最大,钴质量比越高,对植株的毒害作用越大。当钴质量比为40 mg/kg时,成熟期植株的总生物量比对照组降低了70%。2)钴处理后,各时期植株不同部位钴质量比由大到小均为根部、叶部、其他部位。3)在初期和营养生长期,70%以上的钴积累在根部;而在成熟期,根部钴积累量所占比重急剧下降,此时籽实钴积累量比重达到22%~46%,表明在成熟期,大量的钴向籽实中转移积累。4)土壤钴质量比越高,植株单株钴积累量越大,并且中高质量比的钴明显抑制了植株持续积累钴的能力。当钴质量比为25 mg/kg、40 mg/kg时,单株积累量在营养生长期最大。5)随土壤钴质量比增加,植株将钴由根部转移至地上部的能力逐步降低,而地上部富集钴的能力越来越强,这在初期和营养生长期表现得比较明显。

关键词(KeyWords)： 环境学;蚕豆;钴的分布;动态变化

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家863计划项目(2012AA063503);; 四川省科技支撑计划项目(2012SZ0064)

作者(Author): 徐冬平,王丹,曾超,贺佳,吴鹏超,李黎,代威,陈浩

参考文献(References)：

• [1]LUO Dan(罗丹),HU Xinxin(胡欣欣),ZHENG Haifeng(郑海锋),et al.Threshold values of cobalt toxicity to vegetables[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology(生态学杂志),2010,29(6):1114-1120.
• [2]ZHAO Xiyue(赵希岳),CAI Zhiqiang(蔡志强),PAN Jianbo(潘剑波),et al.Dynamic of accumulation and disappearance of cobalt-60in wheat soil system[J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences(核农学报),2008,22(5):693-696.
• [3]SONG Lulu(宋璐璐),ZHANG Dong(张东),DU Liang(杜良),et al.Preliminary study of the migration behavior of Co in the landfill soil of the extremely low-level radioactive waste[J].Journal Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2012,12(3):15-18.
• [4]SRIVASTAVA P,SINGH R P,MISRA R L,et al.Effect of gamma radiation(60Co)on gladiolus floriculture research trend in India[C]//Proceedings of the National Symposium on Indian Floriculture in the New Millennium,Bangalore,India.New Delhim:Indian Society of Ornamental Horticulture,2002:239-240.
• [5]LIU Zheng(刘铮).Chinese soil trace elements(中国土壤微量元素)[M].Nanjing:Jiangsu Agricultural Technology Press,1996:233-253.
• [6]BAKKEN A K,SYNNES O M,HANSEN S.Nitrogen fixation by red clover as related to the supply of cobalt and molybdenum from some Norwegian soils[J].Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica,Section B-Soil&Plant Science,2004,54(2):97-101.
• [7]GAD N.Role and importance of cobalt nutrition on groundnut(Arachis hypogaea)production[J].World Applied Sciences Journal,2012,20(3):359-367.
• [8]HALILOVA H,OK S S,TABAN S.Effects of cobalt on some physiological parameters of common bean(Phaselous vulgaris L.)[J].Asian Journal of Chemistry,2009,21(4):3307-3309.
• [9]LUO Dan(罗丹).Study on the transfer characteristics of cobalt and nickel in soil-plant system and their health risk assessment(钴、镍在土壤—植物系统中的转移规律及健康风险研究)[D].Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,2009.
• [10]PANDEY N,SHARMA C P.Effect of heavy metals Co2+,Ni2+and Cd2+on growth and metabolism of cabbage[J].Plant Science,2002,163(4),753-758.
• [11]ESKANDER S B,EL-DIEN F A N,HOBALLA E M,et al.Capability of lemna gibba to biosorb cesium-137 and cobalt-60 from simulated hazardous radioactive waste solutions[J].Journal of Microbiology,Biotechnology and Food Sciences,2011,1(2):148-163.
• [12]GA'L J,HURSTHOUSE A,TATNER P,et al.Cobalt and secondary poisoning in the terrestrial food chain:Data review and research gaps to support risk assessment[J].Environment International,2008,34(6):821-838.
• [13]REN Yanjun(任艳军),MA Jianjun(马建军).Concentration analysis in vegetables of Qinhuangdao City and their health-threatening hazards assessment of heavy metals[J].Journal Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2013,13(2):79-84.
• [14]LIU Suping(刘素萍),FAN Wenhua(樊文华).The preliminary study of the effects of cobalt on growth tomato[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science(土壤通报),2005,36(6):925-928.
• [15]BHATTACHARYYA P,CHAKRABARTI K,CHAKRABORTY A,et al.Cobalt and nickel uptake by rice and accumulation in soil amended with municipal solid waste compost[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2008,69(3):506-512.
• [16]KAPUSTKA L A,ESKEW D,YOCUM J M.Plant toxicity testing to derive ecological soil screening levels for cobalt and nickel[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2006,25(3):865-874.
• [17]LOCK K,DE SCHAMPHELAERE K A C,BECAUS S,et al.Development and validation of a terrestrial biotic ligand model predicting the effect of cobalt on root growth of barley(Hordeum vulgare)[J].Environmental Pollution,2007,147(3):626-633.
• [18]PAGE V,BAYON R C L,FELLER U.Partitioning of zinc,cadmium,manganese and cobalt in wheat(Triticum aestivum)and lupin(Lupinus albus)and further release into the soil[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2006,58(1):269-278.
• [19]ZHANG Shaoxian(张绍先),TANG Yunlai(唐运来),CHEN Xia(陈霞),et al.Accumulation and distribution of cobalt in rape and the effects of cobalt on the photosynthesis of rape leaves[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica(西北植物学报),2013,33(6):1203-1209.
• [20]FENG Yonghong(冯永红),SUN Zhiming(孙志明),WANG Shouxiang(王寿祥),et al.Dynamic of absorption and accumulation of bean on active cobalt[J].Bulletin of Science and Technology(科技通报),2000,16(1):8-11.
• [21]LIU Yaxuan(刘亚轩),LI Xiaojing(李晓静),BAI Jinfeng(白金峰),et al.Review on sample pretreatment methods and determination techniques for inorganic elements in plant samples[J].Rock and Mineral Analysis(岩矿测试),2013,5:681-693.
• [22]ZU Yanqun(祖艳群),LI Yuan(李元),ZHAO Na(赵娜),et al.Effect of pig manure application on growth,physiology and accumulation characteristic of Pb and Zn in Arabis alpinal var.parviflora Franch and Oxyria sinensis Hemsl[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science(农业环境科学学报),2013,32(3):508-516.
• [23]LI Xiuzhen(李秀珍),LI Bin(李彬).Effect of heavy metals on growth,development and quality of plants[J].Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology(四川林业科技),2008,29(4):59-65.
• [24]FU Shanli(付善莉),LI Kuiyin(李魁印),QIAN Xiaogang(钱晓刚).The relationships between the growth of maize seedling and transplanting leaf ages[J].Tillage and Cultivation(耕作与栽培),2007,33(6):20-21.
• [25]RALPH P J,BURCHETT M D.Photosynthetic response of Halophila Ovalis to heavy metal stress[J].Environmental Pollution,1998,130(1):91-101.
• [26]GARBA S T,OSEMEAHON A S,MAINA H M,et al.Ethylenediaminetetraacetate(EDTA)-assisted phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil by Eleusine indica L.Gearth[J].Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,2012,4(5):103-109.
• [27]SUN Zhiming(孙志明),CHEN Chuanqun(陈传群),WANG Shouxiang(王寿祥),et al.A transference model of radioactive cobalt in simulated paddy[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2001,21(6):938-941.
• [28]XIN Baobao(辛宝宝),YUAN Qinghua(袁庆华),WANG Yu(王瑜).Comprehensive Evaluation of Co2+resistance and enrichment features of Italian ryegrass accession at seeding stage[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica(草地学报),2012,20(6):1123-1131.