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为了降低高海拔隧道掘进机(Tunnel Boring Machine, TBM)在施工过程中产生的粉尘污染并进一步提高通风除尘效果，进而改善作业人员工作环境，研究以某高原TBM施工隧道为研究对象，利用流体仿真模拟软件Fluent对长压短抽方式下不同送风风管、除尘风管位置和抽压比参数进行计算，并将模拟结果与经验公式进行比较，分析粉尘在隧道内的运移特性。研究结果显示：长压短抽通风系统下的粉尘会在风流作用下向除尘风筒一侧运动，其中大部分粉尘会经过除尘风筒排出隧道外，小部分粉尘会在除尘风筒与隧道壁处形成聚集，且隧道内的机械设备对粉尘扩散有阻碍作用；当送风管口在距离掘进面约17 m时，隧道后程粉尘质量浓度较大，在距掘进面20 m处，隧道内的沿程粉尘质量浓度较小；当除尘风管在距掘进面12 m时，隧道内沿程粉尘质量浓度相对较大，作业环境恶劣。其中，作业人员集中区域的粉尘质量浓度最高，可达65.44 mg/m3,在距掘进面6 m位置处时，隧道环境较好。与抽压比为0.5相比，抽压比为0.8时隧道沿程粉尘质量浓度降低50%,除尘效果达到最佳。研究结论可为类似高原地区大断面TBM施工通风方案设计提供科学参考。
Abstract：The purpose of this paper is to reduce the dust pollution generated by high-altitude Tunnel Boring Machines(TBM) in the construction process and further improve the ventilation and dust removal effect. This paper takes a plateau TBM construction tunnel as the research object, fluid simulation software Fluent was used to calculate the positions and pumping pressure ratio parameters of different supply air pipes and dust removal air pipes under long pressure and short pumping mode, and the simulation results were compared with empirical formulas to analyze the migration characteristics of dust in the tunnel. The results show that the dust in the long pressure and short suction ventilation system moves to the side of the dust removal duct under the action of airflow, most of which is discharged out of the tunnel through the dust removal duct, and a small part is gathered in the dust removal duct and the tunnel wall. The mechanical equipment in the tunnel has an impeding effect on the dust diffusion; when the air supply duct is 17 m away from the boring face, the dust content in the tunnel is larger in the latter part of the tunnel, and the dust quality concentration in the tunnel is smaller in the area 20 m away from the boring face; when the dust duct is 12 m away from the boring face, the dust mass concentration along the tunnel is relatively large; besides, the dust mass concentration in the area where the workers are concentrated is the highest, which is up to 65.44 mg/m3. The environment of the tunnel is better when the dust duct is at the position 6 m away from the boring face; the dust quality concentration along the tunnel is reduced by 50% when the pumping ratio is 0.8 compared with that of 0.5, and the dust removal effect reaches the best. The conclusion of the study can provide scientific reference for the design of ventilation schemes for large-section TBM construction in similar plateau areas.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13637/j.issn.1009-6094.2023.1360
中图分类号:U455;X964
引用信息:
[1]聂兴信,李凯鹏,洪勇,等.高海拔隧道施工粉尘运移特性及通风系统布置研究[J].安全与环境学报,2024,24(06):2269-2276.DOI:10.13637/j.issn.1009-6094.2023.1360.
基金信息:
陕西省重点研发计划工业攻关项目(2023-YBGY-137)