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以爆炸火焰发射光谱与爆炸压力耦合机制为切入点，分别选取粒径10～75μm铝粉、镁粉及铝镁合金粉，通过光纤光谱仪与20 L粉尘爆炸试验仪同步采集光谱与压力数据，揭示了不同金属粉体发射光谱峰位、强度以及特征光谱出现前后爆炸压力及压力上升速率变化规律。结果表明：铝粉爆炸AlO自由基在511 nm处呈现主特征峰，区别于燃烧过程486.3 nm峰，可作为铝粉爆炸强度的特异性标识；镁粉在500 nm(MgO)和518 nm(Mg原子)处呈现双峰特征，20μm粉体518 nm峰强度较50μm提升40%;爆炸压力大于0.2 MPa后，自由基先行响应，压力出现滞后效应，光谱强度峰值普遍先于压力峰值10～50 ms。
Abstract：To facilitate the timely detection of metal powder explosion accidents and provide a theoretical foundation for the rapid response of explosion suppression equipment, this study explored the dynamic coupling relationship between flame emission spectra and pressure parameters during explosions of aluminum powder, magnesium powder, and aluminum-magnesium alloy powder(particle size: 10-75 μm). Experiments were conducted using an Andor Shamrock 500i fiber optic spectrometer(acquisition rate: 143 frames per second, grating: 500 nm) in conjunction with a 20 L powder explosion tester. The powder samples were dispersed into a container that had been pre-evacuated to 32 kPa, with a 60 ms ignition delay. Spectral data were collected at a distance of 400 mm from the observation window. Key results revealed distinct spectral features: aluminum powder explosions exhibited a dominant AlO characteristic peak at 511 nm, in contrast to the 486.3 nm peak observed during combustion. The peak intensity was inversely proportional to particle size, with intensity values around 6 000 for 10 μm particles compared to approximately 2 000 for 50 μm particles. In magnesium powder explosions, a doublet peak was noted at 500 nm(MgO) and 518 nm(atomic Mg), with the intensity of the 518 nm peak being 40% higher for 20 μm powder compared to 50 μm powder. Aluminum-magnesium alloy powder explosions exhibited a prominent magnesium peak at 518 nm, with no detectable AlO emission. Analysis revealed that the spectral peaks consistently appeared 10-50 ms before the maximum pressure(pmax). Notably, we identified a fixed sequence: the maximum pressure rise rate(dp/dt)max occurred first, followed by the spectral peak, and finally pmax. Additionally, the pressure rise rate significantly decreased with increasing particle size, for example, from 10 MPa/s for 10 μm aluminum to 2.4 MPa/s for 50 μm aluminum. Above 0.2 MPa pressure, the radical spectral responses were rapid, while the pressure rise exhibited a lag due to gas expansion. This study identifies 511 nm(aluminum powder), 500 nm(magnesium powder), and 518 nm(aluminum-magnesium alloy powder) as optimal detection wavelengths. The strong correlation between spectral intensity and pressure during the rising phase, along with the lead time of(dp/dt)max and spectral peaks over pmax, establishes a foundation for early explosion detection.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13637/j.issn.1009-6094.2025.1030
中图分类号:X932
引用信息:
[1]孟祥豹,袁军,宋世泽民,等.金属粉体爆炸火焰发射光谱与爆炸压力耦合研究[J].安全与环境学报,2026,26(04):1266-1274.DOI:10.13637/j.issn.1009-6094.2025.1030.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFC3010604); 山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2024ME143)
2026-04-15
2026-04-15